Q1. DAC stands for:
A) Digital to Analog Converter
B) Data to Analog Circuit
C) Digital to Arithmetic Converter
D) Dual Analog Converter
Answer: A) Digital to Analog Converter
Explanation:
DAC converts digital binary data into equivalent analog voltage or current.

Q2. ADC stands for:
A) Analog to Data Circuit
B) Analog to Digital Converter
C) Arithmetic to Digital Converter
D) Automatic Data Converter
Answer: B) Analog to Digital Converter
Explanation:
ADC converts analog signals into digital binary form.

Q3. Weighted resistor DAC uses:
A) Equal resistors
B) Different weighted resistors
C) Capacitors only
D) Inductors only
Answer: B) Different weighted resistors
Explanation:
Each resistor has a value based on binary weight like R, 2R, 4R etc.

Q4. R-2R ladder DAC uses:
A) Only two resistor values
B) Four resistor values
C) One resistor only
D) Capacitors only
Answer: A) Only two resistor values
Explanation:
R-2R ladder DAC uses only R and 2R values, making design simpler.

Q5. The output of DAC is:
A) Digital signal
B) Analog signal
C) Pulse signal
D) Clock signal
Answer: B) Analog signal
Explanation:
DAC converts binary input into smooth analog output.

Q6. The input of ADC is:
A) Analog signal
B) Digital signal
C) Clock pulse
D) Binary output
Answer: A) Analog signal
Explanation:
ADC accepts analog voltage/current as input.

Q7. Resolution of DAC means:
A) Speed
B) Smallest output change
C) Power consumption
D) Frequency
Answer: B) Smallest output change
Explanation:
Resolution tells how small a change in analog output can be produced.

Q8. Higher resolution means:
A) Less accuracy
B) More accuracy
C) No change
D) More delay only
Answer: B) More accuracy
Explanation:
More bits give finer output levels and better precision.

Q9. Quantization occurs in:
A) DAC
B) ADC
C) Decoder
D) Encoder
Answer: B) ADC
Explanation:
ADC converts continuous analog values into discrete digital levels.

Q10. Sample and Hold circuit is used in:
A) ADC
B) DAC
C) Counter
D) Register
Answer: A) ADC
Explanation:
It holds the analog signal constant during conversion.

Q11. Flash ADC is also called:
A) Parallel Comparator ADC
B) Counting ADC
C) Dual Slope ADC
D) Successive ADC
Answer: A) Parallel Comparator ADC
Explanation:
It uses many comparators and works very fast.

Q12. Fastest ADC is:
A) Counting ADC
B) Flash ADC
C) Dual Slope ADC
D) Ramp ADC
Answer: B) Flash ADC
Explanation:
Flash ADC is the fastest because conversion happens in parallel.

Q13. Slowest ADC is:
A) Flash ADC
B) Successive Approximation ADC
C) Counting ADC
D) Decoder ADC
Answer: C) Counting ADC
Explanation:
Counting ADC takes more time because it counts step by step.

Q14. Successive approximation ADC uses:
A) Comparator + SAR
B) Counter only
C) Decoder only
D) Shift register only
Answer: A) Comparator + SAR
Explanation:
SAR (Successive Approximation Register) helps in fast conversion.

Q15. Dual slope ADC is mainly used in:
A) Digital voltmeters
B) Audio systems
C) Counters
D) Multiplexers
Answer: A) Digital voltmeters
Explanation:
Dual slope ADC gives high accuracy and noise immunity.

Q16. Comparator in ADC is used for:
A) Storage
B) Voltage comparison
C) Frequency generation
D) Display driving
Answer: B) Voltage comparison
Explanation:
Comparator compares input analog voltage with reference voltage.

Q17. Number of output levels for n-bit DAC is:
A) n
B) 2n
C) 2ⁿ
D) n²
Answer: C) 2ⁿ
Explanation:
For n bits, total output levels are 2 raised to power n.

Q18. An 8-bit DAC has:
A) 8 levels
B) 16 levels
C) 128 levels
D) 256 levels
Answer: D) 256 levels
Explanation:
2⁸ = 256 output levels.

Q19. Conversion time means:
A) Total power used
B) Time required for conversion
C) Output voltage
D) Input frequency
Answer: B) Time required for conversion
Explanation:
It is the time taken by ADC or DAC to complete conversion.

Q20. Accuracy of converter depends on:
A) Resolution
B) Design quality
C) Error factors
D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
Explanation:
Accuracy depends on several factors including resolution and circuit design.

Q21. D/A converter specification includes:
A) Resolution
B) Accuracy
C) Settling time
D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
Explanation:
These are important parameters for DAC performance.

Q22. A/D converter specification includes:
A) Resolution
B) Conversion time
C) Accuracy
D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
Explanation:
ADC performance depends on all these parameters.

Q23. Binary input in DAC produces:
A) Analog output
B) Binary output
C) Decimal output
D) Gray code
Answer: A) Analog output
Explanation:
DAC changes binary form into analog form.

Q24. ADC is used in:
A) Microphone input
B) Sensor systems
C) Data acquisition
D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
Explanation:
ADC is needed wherever real-world analog signals must be processed digitally.

Q25. R-2R ladder DAC is preferred because:
A) Low accuracy
B) Simple design
C) More resistors needed
D) No output
Answer: B) Simple design
Explanation:
Only two resistor values make implementation easier.

Q26. Quantization error occurs because of:
A) Sampling
B) Approximation of analog values
C) Voltage drop
D) Logic failure
Answer: B) Approximation of analog values
Explanation:
Continuous analog values must be rounded to nearest digital level.

Q27. Flash ADC requires:
A) Few comparators
B) Many comparators
C) No comparator
D) One comparator only
Answer: B) Many comparators
Explanation:
This is why Flash ADC is fast but expensive.

Q28. Counter type ADC is also called:
A) Ramp ADC
B) Flash ADC
C) Parallel ADC
D) Serial DAC
Answer: A) Ramp ADC
Explanation:
It counts upward until matching the input voltage.

Q29. Voltage to frequency conversion is used in:
A) ADC methods
B) Decoder
C) Counter only
D) Register only
Answer: A) ADC methods
Explanation:
Analog voltage is converted into frequency for digital measurement.

Q30. DAC is commonly used in:
A) Audio systems
B) Speakers
C) Signal generators
D) All of these
Answer: D) All of these
Explanation:
DAC is required wherever digital data must become real analog output.